This USDA Forest Service document is a comprehensive document on the use and maintenance of hand tools involved in trail work. Information collected from industry experts, from interviews with trail crew members, and from extensive literature and abstract market research on the subject provides the text for this document. It stresses safe and efficient tool use. It describes each tool and presents nomenclature and maintenance procedures, including sharpening techniques and handling methods. The document is intended for both experienced and inexperienced trail crews.